Advancing Battery Safety – Detection and Prevention Measures of Thermal Propagation

Authors

G. Vagnoni MSc, M. Kuipers MSc, Dr.-Ing. M. Stapelbroek, Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. L. Bauer, FEV Europe GmbH, Aachen; S. Hosseininasab MSc, M. Mirsalehian MSc, RWTH Aachen University:

Year

2021

Print Info

Production/Publication ÖVK

Summary

With the introduction of the new Chinese safety standard GB/T 38010-2020, vehicles equipped with a secondary battery must not cause a hazard in the passenger compartment within five minutes of detecting a thermal runaway in the battery. It is expected that other countries will adapt their safety requirements to this new demanding Chinese standard in the future. In addition to the legal issue of thermal runaway testing, OEMs must prevent any safety hazards of their batteries in the field. Therefore, predictive or preventive measures must be implemented in the Battery Management System (BMS) to protect customers and to mitigate thermal runaway of battery cells. In this paper, exemplary BMS early detection algorithms are presented that have the potential to mitigate thermal runaway of battery cells as much as possible in vehicles which are in customer hands. These algorithms are based on different principles, such as capacityloss detection, physics-based Single Particle Model (SPM), and Online Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (OEIS) methodology. The algorithms are described in detail and their operating principles and advantages are presented. Model simplifications required for the subsequent implementation of the algorithms in BMS hardware are explained as well. In addition, simulation results demonstrating the performances of the algorithms are shown.

Number of pages

13 Order